For example, we can represent pentane (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3) and isopentane [(CH3)2CHCH2CH3] as follows: Parentheses in condensed structural formulas indicate that the enclosed grouping of atoms is attached to the adjacent carbon atom. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 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The condensed formulas show hydrogen atoms right next to the carbon atoms to which they are attached, as illustrated for butane: The ultimate condensed formula is a line-angle formula, in which carbon atoms are implied at the corners and ends of lines, and each carbon atom is understood to be attached to enough hydrogen atoms to give each carbon atom four bonds. Symp. CH(CH3)3. A molecular formula shows only the kinds and numbers of atoms in a molecule. Typical products created with isobutane are 2,4-dimethylpentane and especially 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. Condensed chemical formulas show the hydrogen atoms (or other atoms or groups) right next to the carbon atoms to which they are attached. Write condensed structural formulas for alkanes given complete structural formulas. Unfortunately, structural formulas are difficult to type/write and take up a lot of space. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Source: Mol-Instincts Chemical Database, Predicted on Quantum Chemical Computations. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. AceHighTechCity 2-Cha, 25 Seonyu-ro 13-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, 07282 Seoul, Republic of Korea. Legal. Chemists often use condensed structural formulas to alleviate these problems. a. b. C. I d. e. 10. Condensed Structural Formula is a system for writing organic compounds in a single line. National Library of Medicine. Additionally, two . Comm., 5, 1982, 325-328. umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Column length: 150 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 20 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nijs, H.H. Each carbon atom is understood to be attached to enough hydrogen atoms to give each carbon atom four bonds. Res. The tert-butanol that results as a by-product is typically used to make gasoline additives such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The contents of this page can freely be shared if cited as follows: Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3. Isobutane is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.[6]. Isobutane is used as a refrigerant. Chromatogr., 15, 1992, 105-120. ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: OV-101; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Wu, J.; Lu, W., Hydrocarbon analysis by open-tubular column chromatography with programmed temperature for straight run gasoline, Anal. ; Hackett, J.P.; Anderson, R.R., Characterization of synthetic gasoline from the chloromethane-zeolite reaction, Energy Fuels, 6, 1992, 76-82. ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 30 C; End T: 220 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Petrocol DH; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: White, C.M. 2. molecule is constructed. as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite. As a refrigerant, isobutane poses a fire and explosion risk in addition to the hazards associated with non-flammable CFC refrigerants. It is an isomer of butane. For example, the molecular formula C 4 H 10 tells us there are 4 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms in a molecule, but it doesn't distinguish between butane and isobutane. Below are the list of the other names (synonyms) of ISOBUTANE including the various registry numbers, if available: Visit ChemTopia for further professional chemical information on the basis of a comprehensive intelligence networking platform for experts in the discipline around the globe. There are three common representations used in publications, condensed, Lewis type and line-angle formul. ), , 1992, 66-70, In original 66-70. umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 20 m; Column type: Packed; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Apieson L; Substrate: Chromosorb W; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Kojima, T.; Fujii, T.; Hosaka, Y., Thermal decomposition products of sterepisomeric polypropylenes, Mass Spectrometry, 28(4), 1980, 335-341. ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 80 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 30 C; End T: 130 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Yin, C.; Liu, W.; Li, Z.; Pan, Z.; Lin, T.; Zhang, M., Chemometrics to chemical modeling: structural coding in hydrocarbons and retention indices of gas chromatography, J. Sep. Provide IUPAC name of each molecule you have drawn. A structural formula shows all the carbon and hydrogen atoms and the bonds attaching them. Octane- condensed formula - CH3(CH2)6CH3. Write condensed structural formulas for alkanes given complete structural formulas. 6.2: Condensed Structural and Line-Angle Formulas is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a CP-Sil-5 CB WCOT capillary column, J. National Institutes of Health. The molecular weight of ISOBUTANE is available in molecular weight page of ISOBUTANE, which is calculated as the sum of the atomic weights of each constituent element multiplied by the number of atoms of that element in the molecular formula. Gas Chromatogr., 6, 1968, 203-217. umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb P; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Write condensed structural formulas for alkanes given complete structural formulas. Gas Chromatogr., , 1967, 506-510. umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 50 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lunskii, M.Kh. Org. Fr., 4, 1966, 1351-1363. umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 26 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Substrate: Diatoport P; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Widmer, H., Gas chromatographic identification of hydrocarbons using retention indices, J. The chemical bonding within the molecule is also shown, either explicitly or implicitly. 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The connectivity of atoms (carbon atoms). Extremely flammable. Draw line-angle formulas given structural formulas. Condensed this would be CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_3 or just C_4H_10 Put three in a row and attach the fourth to the middle one and you get iso- butane, or officially (2-)methyl propane. 1SD, UK +44 (0)1223 49 44 44, Copyright EMBL-EBI 2018 | EBI is an outstation of the European Molecular It derives from a hydride of an isobutane. Isobutane is used as part of blended fuels, especially common in fuel canisters used for camping.[9]. Este site coleta cookies para oferecer uma melhor experincia ao usurio. Unfortunately, expanded structural formulas are difficult to type/write and take up a lot of space. c . The radius of the spheres is therefore smaller than the rod lengths in order to provide a clearer view of the atoms and bonds throughout the chemical structure model of ISOBUTANE. Chromatogr. All other types of atoms are shown and hydrogens bonded to atoms other than carbon are shown. Chromatogr., 18, 1995, 403-412. class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.0 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoekman, S.K., Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions, J. Do not work near flamesor hot surfaces. John Wiley . For example, the molecular formula C4H10 tells us there are 4 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms in a molecule, but it doesnt distinguish between butane and isobutane. Refrigerants are used in air-conditioning systems and freezers or refrigerators and are assigned a "R" number (by ASHRAE - formerly the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers), which is determined systematically according . A chemical structure of a molecule includes the arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together. Draw the Lewis structure of the molecule below, showing all atoms and all valence electrons (bonds and lone pairs). For example, the molecular formula C4H10 tells us there are 4 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms in a molecule, but it doesnt distinguish between butane and isobutane. Draw the Line-Angle structure for the molecule below. An unknown error occurred. Thus, structural formulas identify the specific isomers by showing the order of attachment of the various atoms. Res. Consider molecular formula CH.Br. Properties of 2-methylpropane: It is a colorless as well as odorless gas. 3. 5. A condensed structural formula of t-butane is (CH 3) 3 CH, not CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH. Legal. ; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N., Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines, in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Thus, structural formulas identify the specific isomers by showing the order of attachment of the various atoms. Chemists often use condensed structural formulas to alleviate these problems. Chemists often use condensed structural formulas to alleviate these problems. In the case of n-butane, all carbon atoms are in straight-chain whereas, in the case of isobutane, there is a side chain in the molecule. ChEBI ID. Anal. MLD 118, Revision No. A structural formula shows all the carbon and hydrogen atoms and the bonds attaching them. Soc., 48, 2001, 739-749. umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Column length: 74.6 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 50 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Xu, Y., Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasoline boiling below 100 C, Chin. The condensed structural formula of the compound acetic acid is CH3COOH. bonded to it. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Last edited on 22 December 2022, at 19:51, "CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Isobutane", Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 10.1002/0471238961.0112112508011313.a01.pub2, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, "Frequently Asked Questions About Lightweight Canister Stoves and Fuels", "Technical Meeting on HCFC Phase-Out: Overview of Advantages and Disadvantages of Alternatives (Montreal, Canada; European Commission on retrofit refrigerants for stationary applications)", "Greenfreeze: from a snowball to an industrial avalanche", "Compendium of hydrocarbon-refrigerant policy statements, October 2006", "MACS bulletin: hydrocarbon refrigerant usage in vehicles", "Society of Automotive Engineers hydrocarbon refrigerant bulletin", "Saskatchewan Labour bulletin on hydrocarbon refrigerants in vehicles", VASA on refrigerant legality & advisability, "Queensland (Australia) government warning on hydrocarbon refrigerants", "New South Wales (Australia) Parliamentary record, 16 October 1997", "New South Wales (Australia) Parliamentary record, 29 June 2000", https://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_679.htm, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isobutane&oldid=1128937733, 3.1atm (310kPa) (at 21C (294K; 70F)), This page was last edited on 22 December 2022, at 19:51. Chromatogr., 240, 1982, 423-444. ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 220 C; End time: 0 min; Start time: 0 min; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Porapack Q; Carrier gas: Nitrogen; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G. A structural formula shows all the carbon and hydrogen atoms and the bonds attaching them. There are also several formats used for structural . ChEBI. We use several kinds of formulas to describe organic compounds. of St. Petersburg Univ. Such a formula does not directly tell how the various atoms are interbonded. Since the molecular formula of Butane is C4H10, the condensed Requested URL: byjus.com/question-answer/what-is-the-structural-formula-for-2-methylpropane/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 15_5 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/15.5 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1. Each carbon atom is understood to be attached to enough hydrogen atoms to give each carbon atom four bonds. Each carbon atom is understood to be attached to enough hydrogen atoms to give each carbon atom four bonds. Sci., 24, 2001, 213-220. ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 30 C; End T: 220 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Petrocol DH; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Subramaniam, B.; Bochniak, D.; Snavely, K., Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical reaction media, Lawrence Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering (DOE/PC/92532--T7), United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA, 1994, 8. ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 30 C; End T: 220 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Petrocol DH; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: White, C.M. Lewis, R.J. Sr.; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary 15th Edition. The condensed formulas show hydrogen atoms right next to the carbon atoms to which they are attached, as illustrated for butane: Even more abbreviated is a line-angle formula, also called a skeletal structure, in which carbon atoms are implied at the corners and ends of lines, and each carbon atom is understood to be attached to enough hydrogen atoms to give each carbon atom four bonds. This entity has been manually annotated by the ChEBI Team. The 3D chemical structure image of ISOBUTANE is based on the ball-and-stick model which displays both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them. ; Paizanskaya, I.L., Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate, Zh. Below is an example of a more complicated molecule. Substitution of this refrigerant for motor vehicle air conditioning systems not originally designed for isobutane is widely prohibited or discouraged. 2. Amer., 7, 1969, 55-75. umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 26 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Squalane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zulaica, J.; Guiochon, G., Analyse des hauts polymeres par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de leurs produits de pyrolyse. A molecular formula shows only the kinds and numbers of atoms in a molecule. This service is an Elixir Core Data Resource. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 49 C; CAS no: 75285; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb P; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Because the carbons on the left are drawn straight across, we cannot see corners easily, so bend your lines (zig-zag) so that the corners are apparent. formula of CH3CH2CH2CH3. 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